Sclerosis of the prostate gland

Sclerosis of the prostate (prostate gland) is manifested in the wrinkling of the prostate tissue due to the presence of a chronic inflammatory process in it.

As a result, there is a gradual compression of the urethra, narrowing of the bladder neck, which inevitably leads to impaired urine flow from the bladder.

In some cases, the compression extends to the lower parts of the ureters, causing stagnation of urine in the kidneys and the development of chronic renal failure. Compression of the ejaculatory ducts, which is also sometimes observed in prostate sclerosis, causes various sexual disorders.

Prostate sclerosis – causes

The main cause of prostate sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process in the prostate tissue. The role of the infectious factor, mechanical, allergic and immunological factors is noted. Atherosclerotic changes in the pelvic vessels and hormonal influences contribute to this. The presence of urethro-prostatic urinary reflux plays a major role in the development of chronic prostatitis, both bacterial and non-bacterial. Factors contributing to the development of prostatitis also include impaired microcirculation in the prostate, stagnation of blood in the pelvis in the absence of physical activity, stagnation of secretions in the prostate gland with rare sexual intercourse, and irregular sexual activity. Prostate sclerosis is perceived as the final stage of chronic prostatitis

Prostate sclerosis can be triggered by an abscess, tumor, prostatolithiasis, pelvic surgery, and radiation therapy. The likelihood of pathology formation increases with vascular atherosclerosis, irregular sexual activity, metabolic syndrome, varicose veins, male menopause, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, allergic reactions, toxic lesions, and genetic predisposition.

Symptoms of prostate sclerosis

The clinical picture of prostate sclerosis is dominated by symptoms characteristic of infravesical obstruction of any etiology:

  • difficult, sometimes painful urination;
  • feeling of incomplete bladder emptying;
  • frequent urination in small portions of urine;
  • chronic or acute urinary retention is possible.

These symptoms are often accompanied by inflammatory symptoms:

  • pain in the perineum, above the womb, in the inguinal areas, rectum;
  • disorders of sexual function – decreased libido, deterioration of erection, painful sexual intercourse, painful ejaculation, decreased orgasmic intensity, etc.

In the presence of secondary changes in the upper urinary tract, symptoms of pyelonephritis and chronic renal failure may be added to the clinical picture. Patients often experience depression, sleep disturbances, and depressed mood.

Prostate sclerosis – diagnosis

Diagnostic measures:

  • general clinical urine and blood tests;
  • uroflowmetry;
  • ultrasound diagnostics of the genitourinary system;
  • transrectal ultrasound;

In cases where the upper urinary tract is involved in the pathological process, X-ray examination is indicated:

  • examination and excretory urography;
  • multislice computed tomography.

Additional methods can sometimes include urethrocystoscopy, radionuclide studies of the upper urinary tract, and ascending urethrocystography.

Treatment of prostate sclerosis

The main method of treatment of prostate sclerosis is surgery. Today, the most common surgical intervention for this disease is transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR)

The essence of the operation is to excise sclerotic tissues of the prostate gland through the urethra. The operation is one of the endoscopic minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment in urology and is currently the most effective. In case of further sclerosis of the prostate tissue, this technique involves repeated use.

Conservative treatment for prostate sclerosis is used only for the purpose of preoperative preparation or postoperative period.

Since prostate sclerosis is considered to be the final advanced stage of chronic prostatitis, timely detection and treatment of this disease is the main means of preventing prostate sclerosis.

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